Vomiting and/or diarrhea are all too common veterinary appointments that we see on daily basis. These signs are generalized and while owners may think it's a sign of an upset stomach, they can also be signs of metabolic disorders, infections, parasites, toxins, or physiological as well. Sometimes these signs will resolve on their own, but sometimes they can become more chronic, especially if not treated. Treatment will vary depending on the underlying cause as well. Be sure to see your vet if your pet experiences any of the following issues.
Vomiting
Vomiting needs to be differentiated from regurgitation. Vomiting is the forceful emitting of the stomach contents. It is typically caused by a gastrointestinal upset by the stomach, pancreas, liver, or a toxin. There is an anti-nausea medication, however it may only be masking signs of a more serious issue.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea is an irritation of the small or large intestines. If any of the GI tract isn't working properly to absorb the proper nutrients, then diarrhea can occur. Parasites can irritate the lining of the intestines and prevent nutrients from being absorbed. Mild diarrhea can typically resolve on it's own with a bland diet of plain boiled chicken and white rice. More severe diarrhea needs to be seen by a vet to address any underlying issues (Inflammatory bowl disease, Addison's disease, lymphoma, etc)
Ulcers
An increased amount of acid in the stomach can lead to ulcers. Dark red/black tarry stool is the typical indication that your pet may have an ulcer. Treatment may include gastroprotectants, antibiotics, and acid reduction medications.
Bloat/Gastrointestinal Dilation and Volvulus (GDV)
This is a condition that deep chest large breed dog owners should be very aware of. If you dog swallows too much air from stress or panting, it can cause the stomach to dilate with that air and potentially flip over itself. This can be a life-threatening condition because the rotation will cut off the blood supply to the stomach as well as other organs. The signs to watch for are a bloated painful stomach, unproductive retching, anxiety and looking at their abdomen, discomfort and stretching. Most of these cases need to go to surgery in order to flip the stomach back over, and even then your dog needs very close monitoring post-surgery.
Pancreatitis
Inflammation of the pancreas can be very painful if left untreated. That pain can lead your pet to not be interested in eating and become lethargic. Treatment may incluyde antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications.
